10 uplifting benefits of coffee

Wellbeing

10 uplifting benefits of coffee

When you make your morning better with NESCAFÉ® coffee, your favourite drink is always uplifting and relaxing. But beyond its caffeine content, studies have shown that a moderate amount of coffee has many benefits too. Read on to discover more about what's hidden in every sip.

coffee benefits

Awakens your mind

Coffee is rich in caffeine, which is the is the component of coffee that stimulates and activates our bodies and minds. It helps to improve some cognitive functions and memory. Caffeine also helps you to stay focused, energised, and alert - whether you enjoy your coffee black or with milk.

benefits of drinking coffee

Rich in antioxidants

One of the greatest benefits of coffee is that it's rich in antioxidants, especially in green coffee beans. Every cup of NESCAFÉ® coffee carries these antioxidants, and is especially high in polyphenols, which work together with other minerals to help your body and cells function optimally, preventing disease, and maintaining good health in general.

Coffee facts

Coffee has a wide range of health benefits, but this list would be incomplete without mentioning just how good it feels to sit back, relax, and drink a hot, rich cup of coffee.


Coffee fact quote

Helps protect against headaches

Caffeine is a natural vasodilator, which means it helps to decrease blood pressure by preventing the muscles in your veins from tightening up and getting narrower. People who suffer from headaches could benefit from coffee, especially if they add some milk. It’s important to not overdo it – even 3 cups of coffee a day could be too much, and it could easily become a trigger for headaches and migraines.

benefits of drinking coffee

Keeps you refreshed and alert

If you are very active - whether you just enjoy regular exercise for fitness reasons or if you’re a professional athlete - you will benefit from drinking coffee due to the caffeine content in every cup. It helps to improve physical performance by helping your body lower the effects of fatigue, improving focus and staying alert.

benefits of drinking coffee

Contributes to weight loss

Caffeine has long been known to assist with weight loss, often used in various compounds, creams, and other products. Caffeine speeds up a process in the body called ‘thermogenesis’, which is how the body naturally burns fat. Interestingly enough, black coffee benefits the body more than milky coffee, which might be due to the fat content in the milk or added sugar, which is a known contributor to weight gain. However, coffee shouldn't be used alone in an attempt to lose weight - it's best to combine your daily coffee with regular exercise, a healthy, nutritional diet, and plenty of water. In fact, coffee can actually cause your body to retain water, which is one of the contributing factors to weight gain. A moderate amount of coffee every day will help you get the best out of your favourite drink.

benefits of drinking coffee

Can protect against cancer, stroke and coronary diseases

A large study done in 2018 by the National Cancer Institute of the United State showed a correlation between a higher consumption coffee and a lower mortality rate from cancer, strokes, and heart diseases. While the results cannot be seen as definitive, it’s interesting to consider the possibilities of what other benefits coffee could have on our overall health!

 Coffee facts

Combats Alzheimer's and Parkinson's

The relationship between drinking coffee and neurodegenerative diseases such as these has been studied for years. It's very possible that regularly consuming coffee could reduce the likelihood of these diseases occurring in the future.

benefits of drinking coffee

Reduces the risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Drinking a maximum of 3 or 4 cups of coffee a day could reduce your chance of suffering from Type 2 Diabetes by as much as 25%. It’s not entirely clear how it lowers the chances of the disease, but coffee is rich in antioxidants, has anti-inflammatory properties, and impacts the process in the body that burns fat.

benefits of drinking coffee

Today’s community favourites

Discover some of the most enjoyed articles from across the site

Explore Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

Non-Dairy Guide

Coffee Knowledge

The barista’s guide to plant-based alternatives

Plant-based alternatives have become more & more popular in recent years, but what are the best plant-based alternatives for coffee? Check out our list for our favourites.
non-dairy for coffee

Oat-based drinks

GOOD TO KNOW...
A favourite alternative to milk. They often have a full-bodied consistency that can help create a rich and satisfying drink.

HOW DO THEY TASTE?
Because oats themselves have a mild taste, oat-based drinks shouldn’t change the flavour of your coffee that much.

HOW ARE THEY MADE?
Usually, they’re made from oats that have been roasted at low temperatures to add flavour. That’s really similar to coffee-roasting: using heat to release flavours that would otherwise be hidden. After water is added to the roasted oats, it is then filtered to create the final drink.

oat-based drinks

Soya-based drinks

GOOD TO KNOW...
These have been available for many years, but they need to be treated with a bit of care. Soya drinks can separate when added to the hot coffee. That’s why experienced baristas pay particular attention to the temperature of the soya drink when they’re adding it to the coffee.

HOW DO THEY TASTE?
It really depends on which one you choose. Soya drinks can make your coffee taste a bit “beany”, but they usually give coffee a nice, smooth consistency. Some baristas say that the soya flavour complements South American coffees but can be too powerful for the fruity notes of African beans.

HOW ARE THEY MADE?
They’re made from soya beans, which are usually soaked, ground, boiled and filtered. The different brands of soya drink are made using slightly different techniques, which is why there are drinks that range from thin and watery to thick and creamy.

soya-based drinks

When choosing a non-dairy milk for your coffee, remember that some are sweet, others are bitter or have other strong flavours. Also, each plant or nut-based drink has its own unique texture.


Coffee fact quote

Coconut-based drinks

GOOD TO KNOW...
Coconuts have quite a sweet taste, so these drinks are sometimes blended with other non-dairy alternatives so that they appeal to as many people as possible.

HOW DO THEY TASTE?
Coconut drinks can make your coffee taste sweet, so you might want to test a few different types to find the one that truly tickles your taste buds.

HOW ARE THEY MADE?
They’re made from the white flesh of the coconut, which is usually grated, boiled or simmered, then filtered through cheesecloth. The drinks themselves can be thick or thin, depending on the exact technique and recipe.

coconut-based drinks

Almond-based drinks

GOOD TO KNOW...
Almonds keep a lot of their distinctive nutty flavour, so an almond drink might work well for you if you’re happy to change the character of your coffee. Try an almond alternative for yourself: it might just give your coffee a completely new deliciousness.

HOW DO THEY TASTE?
Almond drinks are now a big favourite in barista-run cafés. Some people say they can make coffee taste a little bitter, so it’s a good idea to experiment with different almond drinks to find the one you like.

HOW ARE THEY MADE?
The makers of almond drinks all follow their own unique processes and ingredients, but the basic method is to soak almonds in water, then filter the results to create the final drink.

almond-based drinks

Rice-based drinks

GOOD TO KNOW...
Some people say that rice-based drinks can be a bit watery, but that might be exactly what you’re looking for. Everyone’s tastes are different, so why not give them a try?

HOW DO THEY TASTE?
Rice-based drinks don’t have much flavour, so they shouldn’t change the taste of your coffee much. However, they’re not very creamy, so the texture of your coffee perhaps won’t feel as luxurious.

HOW ARE THEY MADE?
They’re usually made from brown rice, which is milled, diluted with water and then filtered.

rice-based drinks

Find your favourite plant-based drink

There’s such a huge variety of non-dairy drinks, one of them is sure to be right for you. It might just take some experimenting to narrow down your favourite!

If you like...

  • Neutral-tasting coffee: try oat-based drinks, as they really can taste similar to milk.
  • Highly flavoured coffee: give almond-based drinks a go. You can use the almond flavour to create your very own nut-inspired taste
  • Lovely thick foam: go for almond- and oat-based drinks. Their particular blend of plant proteins builds a strong foam that’s great for latte art.
plant-based drink

Which is best for latte art?

Traditionally, the foam that baristas create comes from the proteins in dairy milk. So, if you use a plant-based drink instead, the results will usually be different. Baristas definitely prefer almond and oat drinks. But take your time to experiment. If you’re going to make latte art at home, we recommend trying several different drinks to find the one that foams best using your equipment.

Whatever your reason for choosing plant-based alternatives, there’s a world of inspiring alternatives to help make your coffee your own. Want to learn more? Try these 6 plant-based alternatives for coffee.

latte art

Today’s community favourites

Discover some of the most enjoyed articles from across the site

Explore Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

Coffee culture

NESCAFÉ® coffee culture

Chill out, grab a cup of your favourite brew and enjoy informative articles from around the world of coffee.

nescafé coffee culture
Banner image bg
Spring & Summer ‘24

Explore coffee culture

Enrich your world with coffee inspiration and experiences.

3 mins read
3 morning rituals to make your day Explore more
Coffee knowledge
5 mins read
16 Fun coffee facts to liven up your day Explore more
Coffee knowledge
3 mins read
Explore the world of coffee tasting Explore more

Know your coffee

Discover more about our coffee culture at NESCAFÉ®

Coffee knowledge
6 mins
The Coffee Roasting Process Explore more
Coffee knowledge
5 mins read
Discover the origins of coffee Explore more
Coffee knowledge
5 mins read
The fascinating history of NESCAFÉ® Explore more

For the love of Cappuccino

Find out everything about one of the worlds most favourite beverages.

Coffee knowledge
3 mins read
What is a cappuccino? Explore more
Coffee knowledge
6 mins
The Coffee Roasting Process Explore more

Sustainability

At NESCAFÉ® we see every day as a new opportunity to inspire

Discover

sustainable coffee

NESCAFÉ® Farmers Origins - sustainable coffee that stems from a love of the planet

Empowering women in coffee farming

Empowering women in coffee farming

Helping women grow a better coffee world

Meet Dorotee Uwimbabazi, a proud Rwandan coffee farmer who never stops trying to improve the methods she uses on her farm. Recently, she discovered the benefits of planting shade trees in her garden; not only do they protect the coffee trees, but they also provide the perfect compost when they shed their leaves. “I think they have made my garden one of the best in my community,” she beams.

Dorotee is one of around 3,500 Rwandan women in farming who have benefitted from the Nestlé Farmer Training Program launched in 2016 through collaboration with the Kahawatu Foundation. Its aim is to offer training in good agricultural practices. The participants are taught about many different things from financial literacy to global coffee prices, pruning and weeding to mulching and harvesting. We aim to make coffee farming more profitable. With profit also comes socio-economic empowerment and financial security.

woman in Coffee Farming

Fuelling a journey

Dorotee grew up in the mountains near Lake Kivu in the village of Kiguri, Rwanda, where both of her parents were coffee farmers. “I used to help my parents with harvesting and processing of their coffee,” she explains. “After selling it, they were able to take good care of us.” So, when she started raising her own family, she knew that coffee offered an opportunity to provide. She saved enough money to buy a plot of land with coffee trees on it and began harvesting.

female coffee farmers

Dorotee’s husband is a security guard who works away from home a lot. This leaves the job of running the farm to Dorotee. “He helps me on the farm indirectly because he pays for the laborers who assist me,” she explains.

When Dorotee first started out on her venture she was not satisfied with her yield. But in 2016 her producer organization started working with the Nestlé Farmer Training Program and the Kahawatu Foundation. What followed was training by top agronomists in best farming practices. “Before working with Kahawatu, I was producing 500 kilograms or less from 700 coffee trees (about 1-2 acre),” Dorotee explains. “Now I’m expecting to produce around 600 kilograms”.

But one good yield does not guarantee the long-term success of a coffee farm. The program is dedicated to genuine continuity. “They followed up with us and we also learnt how to plan well and reinvest the income from coffee,” says Dorotee. “We need to plan for hiring labour, buying materials and for harvesting the next season.”

female coffee farmers

“The Kahawatu Foundation is helping to make us better farmers. But the real benefits of partnering with them is that it has enabled me to take care of my children’s wellbeing...”


better farmers

Time to rise

It is also key that women are empowered to take leadership positions in farmer groups and on boards of local farmer organisations. Dorotee enjoys sharing her learnings with her farming community.

This knowledge sharing is exactly what Nestlé hope to achieve on a global scale through the empowerment programs in Rwanda and other countries such as Kenya. We hope the various learnings can be rolled out in the future across East Africa.

Thanks to the efforts of Dorotee and female farmers like her, there will be girls who don’t leave school early because they can see a different future; children who don’t end up being a field worker because their mother can afford to give them a chance to go to school; families that don’t go without, between coffee harvests, because income and nutritional sources are diversified.

“The Kahawatu Foundation is helping to make us better farmers. But the real benefits of partnering with them is that it has enabled me to take care of my children’s wellbeing,” says Dorotee. “I’ve been able to buy them school uniform and pay for them to go to school. I have big hopes that, thanks to coffee, I will be able to pay for their education until they all finish their studies. I am a happy woman in a happy home because of coffee."

female coffee farmers

Today’s community favourites

Discover some of the most enjoyed articles from across the site

NESCAFÉ® sustainability

Explore more articles on …

Inspiring and training coffee farmers of the future

Inspiring and training young coffee farmers of the future

Wake up and smell the future

Meet Cesar Ernesto Buezo, a child of a coffee farming family, who spent his whole life surrounded by the coffee plants on his family’s farm, but until recently, hadn’t thought to stop and appreciate the coffee flavour or his prospects as a coffee farmer.

Then he took part in NESCAFÉ®’s Youth initiative, and his attitude changed. “The biggest breakthrough for me was the simple act of noticing the cup of coffee that I was producing,” he says. “Testing it, tasting the different flavours, studying colours and texture… this was all entirely new”. Not a young person’s preferred profession, less than 5% of coffee farmers fall under the age of 35 worldwide.

With a growing global generational gap engaged in coffee production, NESCAFÉ® set about presenting young people with good reasons to stay on the farm and embrace a coffee future of their own.

coffee farmers

Helping grow futures – Farmer education in Honduras

Honduras has one of the world’s youngest populations, with around 65% of Hondurans under 29. In June 2019, NESCAFÉ® launched a Youth initiative there.

A collaboration with the national government and part of the Nestlé Needs YOUth project, it aims to inspire younger generations to contribute to the success of their coffee-growing communities.

Part of Nestlé’s wider commitment to help 10 million young people worldwide to access economic opportunities by 2030, the NESCAFÉ® Plan aims to provide coffee farming training up to 25,000 young people in Honduras.

NESCAFÉ® youth initiative

Helping fuel hearts and minds with coffee farming training

While studying agricultural topics in his high school, Cesar took the opportunity to join the Youth initiative. “Ever since I was young, I used to dream of who I would become and the goals I might reach,” he explains. “Here in Comayagua, I knew that coffee was my future”. He jumped at the opportunity.

With classes held at Coffee Quality Competence Centres like the one in the municipality of La Libertad, as well as remotely, the 80-hour training program teaches coffee knowledge and entrepreneurship.

An on-site plant nursery and a solar drier allows for hands-on lessons about cultivation and harvesting. A designated preparation area allows students to learn about coffee properties, extraction methods, roasting, grinding and cup tasting.

A holistic approach to farming sees the students schooled in running a modern business. Alongside lessons in husbandry, harvesting and crop care, they learn about engineering techniques, methods for improving coffee quality and computer skills.

“One of our best modules was about motivation and perseverance,” says Cesar. “That really resonated, because we were all balancing the stresses of home and school. We had excellent talks about leadership, innovation, and entrepreneurship. It was incredible to feel the support of people who did not ask for anything in return."

coffee training program

Nestlé is committed to helping 10 million young people worldwide to access economic opportunities by 2030


nestlé helping young people

Brewing a brighter future

Following the initiative, a new generation of farmers feel fully invested in the farmland of their ancestors. “Most of us come from coffee producing families, but the challenge is that we inherit land along with other grandchildren, children and cousins,” says Cesar.

"We lack theoretical and practical training when it comes to farm management. We let older people worry about it, and production has declined. Coffee is something that many young people see as obsolete. Thanks to the program, I have a different vision of what I want for my farm.”

The collective learnings, shared among youth training programs in coffee, accelerate and expand the programs started by the NESCAFÉ® Plan in countries like Mexico and Colombia. “I think about a future in coffee, but not just in terms of an income,” says Cesar.

“It’s a culture, a patrimony, an inheritance, and our family. It will always form a part of me and our community. The difference is, I don’t feel I have to be bound by tradition".

NESCAFÉ® program

Today’s community favourites

Discover some of the most enjoyed articles from across the site

Explore Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

What is a macchiato?

What is

What is a macchiato?

With so many coffee varieties so readily available, it can be difficult to tell them apart! Unlike the infamous cappuccino or espresso, the macchiato is less well known. So, exactly what is a macchiato coffee?

macchiato coffee

Indulge yourself

"In Italian, the term ‘macchiato’ translates as ‘marked’ or ‘stained’, meaning a stained or marked coffee. The macchiato is an espresso coffee drink, topped with a small amount of foamed or steamed milk to allow the taste of the espresso to still shine through.

macchiato coffee

Macchiato origins

The origin of the name ‘macchiato’ stems from baristas needing to show waiters the difference between an espresso shot and an espresso with a bit of milk in it. As the latter is ‘marked’ or ‘stained’ by the addition of milk, it was quickly given its name to tell them apart. Unlike the cappuccino that was originally created exclusively as a morning drink, the macchiato is the perfect afternoon coffee.

macchiato coffee

In Italian, ‘macchiato’ translates as ‘marked’ or ‘stained’, meaning a stained or marked coffee.


Coffee fact quote

What does a macchiato taste like?

The small amount of milk used in the macchiato gives this coffee a slight sweetness. However, the combination of sweetness and creaminess of the milk isn’t enough to dilute the strength of the espresso, so some may argue that a macchiato can taste slightly bitter.

macchiato coffee

Types of macchiato

There are two main types of macchiato coffee; the espresso macchiato and the latte macchiato.

What is an espresso macchiato?

The original, made with a shot of espresso, diluted slightly by 1-2 teaspoons of steamed milk, which is the ‘stain’. The espresso macchiato has the highest ratio of espresso to milk, and the addition of milk is meant to be complementary, so the espresso can still be very much tasted.

What is a latte macchiato?

A a sweeter, layered espresso beverage. It is made by adding a shot or half a shot of espresso to steamed milk, topped with a milk foam layer. Unlike an espresso macchiato, which is served in a short glass, a latte macchiato is served in a tall glass.

macchiato coffee
Explore Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

The rich history of coffee

Coffee origins

The rich history of coffee

Coffee is an essential in our fast-paced lives, a source of inspiration and upliftment that awakens our body and minds to the possibilities of every day. But it’s so much more than that too; its a global cultural force and it’s as well loved as ever. But where did coffee originally come from exactly, and how did it become so popular? Read the history of coffee for more details.

Coffee history

The legend of coffee origin begins in Ethiopia

Ethiopia is widely considered to be the epicentre of where coffee came from. If you’ve ever googled “coffee history”, you will have come across the famous story of how coffee was discovered in Ethiopia by Kaldi, an Ethiopian goat herder, around 800 AD. He wandered over to his goats to see them acting very strangely. They were energised and excited after eating some berries from a tree. So, he tried the berries himself, and after he too felt excitable and alert, Kaldi took these berries to a monk. The monks exclaimed that it was the work of the devil and threw the berries into the fire. In doing so, a beautiful, heavenly aroma was released and the berries were quickly raked from the fire and crushed into embers. Realising their mistake, the monks then placed the berries into a jug and covered them with hot water for preservation. The monks went on to drink this lovely new concoction, only to realise it helped them stay awake during nightly devotions and prayers. Of course, this is probably just a wonderful legend and the history of coffee is more likely to lie with the nomadic Oromo/Galla people of Ethiopia and northern Kenya.
the story of coffee

Or does coffee history begin in Yemen?

There are also a few well-known stories about Yemen’s contribution in the discovery of coffee. The most famous legend from Yemen about coffee origins has a slight twist on the Ethiopian story. A Yemenite Sufi mystic was traveling through Ethiopia on spiritual matters. He encountered some very energetic and enthusiastic birds that had been eating fruit off a plant, which is now known as the coffee plant. Exhausted from his journey, he decided to try these berries for himself and he found that they produced an energetic state in him as well. However, it’s largely believed that coffee beans were originally exported from Ethiopia to Yemen. Yemeni traders later brought coffee plants back to their homeland and began to grow them there.
the story of coffee

The world’s first coffee house opened in 1475 in Constantinople, now known as Istanbul. Visitors engaged in conversation, gossiped and caught up on news while enjoying their favourite coffee.


Coffee fact quote

The word quickly spread

As it’s thought that coffee originated in Ethiopia, it’s also believed it made its way north across the red sea into Yemen in the 15th Century. It then started to be grown in the Yemeni district of Arabia, and by the 16th century it was known in Persia, Egypt, Syria, and Turkey. It was immensely popular for its qualities to help improve alertness and wakefulness, allowing people to devote more time to spiritual matters and praying.
The word quickly spread

The world’s first coffee house

The world’s first coffee house was opened in Constantinople in 1475, now known as Istanbul. Coffee was drunk at home as part of the daily routine, as well as to show hospitality to guests. Outside of the home, people visited coffee houses to not only drink coffee but to engage in conversation, listen to music, watch performers, play chess, gossip and catch up on news. Without the modern technologies we have today, coffee houses quickly became the epicentre for exchanging and gathering information. They were often referred to as “Schools of the Wise”. And with thousands of pilgrims visiting Mecca each year from all over the world, knowledge of this “wine of Araby”, as it quickly became known, began to spread.
the story of coffee

Over to Europe

Then the course of coffee history begins to change. This exotic beverage certainly caused a stir for European travellers who were filled with intrigue and fascination. So, by the 17th century, coffee had made its way to Europe and became increasingly popular across the continent. European coffee history begins in Italy, where it was imported from the Ottoman Empire. In particular, Venetian merchants contributed to the widespread popularity of coffee in European regions and in 1645, the first ever European coffee house was opened in Venice. Drinking coffee became a great commodity, especially for wealthy people. Through the Dutch East India Company and British East India Company, coffee also became very popular in England. The first coffee house in England opened in Oxford in 1651 and many others quickly followed, particularly in London. Coffee houses were strictly for men only, where they could discuss business and news, as well as socialise. It is said that many business ventures and ideas started in London coffee houses.
the story of coffee

Coffee arrives in Paris

Coffee was then introduced to Paris, France in 1669 by Suleyman Aga, the ambassador to the court of King Louis XIV of France. He was armed with bags of coffee described as a “magical beverage”. Only two years later in 1671, an Armenian who went by the name Pascal, opened a coffee-drinking booth at the fair of St.-Germain. Visitors very quickly learned to look for the “petit noir" a name that still endures. This marked the beginning of Parisian coffee houses, which of course, inspired coffee houses to open across France. Over the next 30 years, coffee became cultural staples in Austria, Germany, Spain, and the rest of Europe too. However, growing coffee in Europe was a struggle, due to its naturally colder climates. European traders would later start to grow coffee elsewhere.
the story of coffee

The growth of coffee popularity in Asia

By the 1600’s, most coffee beans came from Yemen. Coffee beans were under strict surveillance and those in power did everything they could to ensure fertile beans could not be grown elsewhere. However, Baba Budan, a Muslim pilgrim, was about to change the path of coffee history forever. He left Mecca to return to India in 1600, smuggling a handful of coffee beans. With the help of British colonisers, these would become the seeds of the world’s first commercial coffee industry outside of Africa and Arabia, which still produces coffee today. Coffee was first introduced to Indonesia in the late 1600’s by Dutch traders, and over the next century it would make its way to dozens of Indonesia’s many islands, such as Sulawesi, Sumatra, Java, and Bali. For a short period, several Indonesian islands were among the top coffee producers in the world. Around the 1800s, coffee was cultivated in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos by French colonisers. The Dutch were finally allowed to grow coffee in the latter half of the 17th century and were successful with their efforts on the island of Java, in what is now known as Indonesia. The plants thrived and the Dutch began to play a significant role in trading coffee.
the story of coffee

Crossing the Atlantic – coffee origins in the New World

The founder of the Colony of Virginia, Captain John Smith, introduced coffee to other settlers of Jamestown in 1607. However, it wasn't well received at first and tea was much more preferred. In 1670, Dorothy Jones became the first person to receive a license to sell coffee in Boston. By the mid-1700's, many taverns were also dubbed as coffeehouses, but tea was still the drink of choice. It was only when a rebellion against Great Britain caused all the tea to be thrown into the sea and it was considered unpatriotic to drink it any longer, that coffee became increasingly popular. The New World's hot, tropical weather was seen as a new ideal for the cultivation of coffee, and coffee plantations quickly spread throughout Central America, with their first coffee harvest occurring in 1726. Latin American countries also have ideal coffee-growing conditions, with a good balance of sunshine and rain, high and humid temperatures, and rich soil. By the mid-18th century, Latin American countries emerged as some of the top coffee producers, clearing extensive tropical forests in preparation for plantations. Today, Brazil is the largest coffee producer in the world.
the story of coffee

Today’s community favourites

Discover some of the most enjoyed articles from across the site

Explore Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

The Coffee Roasting Process

Coffee Knowledge

The coffee roasting process

There's a lot more to the coffee roasting process than simply heating beans - find out about coffee roasting and the different methods in our guide.
roasting process

The reason behind coffee roasting

It may surprise you, but coffee beans aren’t beans at all. Rather, they’re seeds which are found inside a coffee cherry. The coffee plant is a fruit tree and the fruits are similar in appearance to berries. After picking, the skin and pulp are removed and what is left are the seeds or coffee ‘beans’. Prior to roasting these ‘beans’ are green and smell grassy, a far cry from the rich aroma that we associate with coffee!

The coffee roasting process is where the magic happens and the clever little beans develop between 800 – 1000 different aroma compounds to transform into the coffee you know and love. It’s during this process that different roast profiles and flavours are developed and as such, the temperature and time it takes has a huge impact on these flavours as well as on the colour of the beans. 

How is NESCAFÉ coffee roasted?
In every roasting method, the energy source for roasting coffee beans is hot air. There are currently three main coffee roasting processes used:

coffee beans

1. Drum Roaster Method

This is carried out by classic drum or centrifugal roasters which work by passing heat from the walls of the roaster to the beans by direct contact or conduction. Typically, the beans will be kept moving by a rotating drum to help ensure an even roast. Hot air will also be used with these roasters for a more balanced result; however, this process is known as roasting by convection.
drum roaster method

2. Paddle Roaster Method

Hot air coffee roasting is done with a tangential roaster. This form of roasting is often favoured by roasters across the industry as it uses a mechanical paddle and hot air to keep the beans constantly moving. Keeping the beans moving helps to prevent burning as there’s less chance of the beans burning on the walls of the roasters. Cooled water is usually then added as the heat given off by the beans can cause them to continue roasting even after the process has ended.
paddle roaster method

3. Fluid Bed Roaster Method

Likened to the action you see in hot-air popcorn poppers, fluid bed roasting involves the beans rolling over in superheated air that passes upward fast enough for them to behave like a fluid. As all the beans are immersed in the stream of heat, the roast is typically very even, consistent and easy to reproduce. Another great aspect to this method is that unwanted by-products such as burnt chaff, undersized or broken beans get expelled by the hot air draft, allowing for a clean roast. Additionally, some fluid bed roasters feature forced air cooling outside the roast drum, providing the beans with almost instant cooling to prevent the beans cooking further.

Believe it or not, this preparation before the roasting process does affect the taste! When dried naturally, you can expect fruitier flavours due to the fermentation of natural sugars in the pulp. A washed process however, offers more vibrant flavours. This is because it removes all the pulp and fruity sugars which have an impact on the bean, leaving the pure coffee bean flavour to come through more strongly.

fluid bed roaster method

The coffee roasting process

The entire coffee roasting process involves four carefully calculated steps which requires a master roaster to ensure each step is completed accurately and that the beans are heated evenly.
coffee roasting process

1. The drying stage

Coffee beans have a humidity of around 10% (give or take), which means they need to be dried before roasting. How long this takes will depend on the roaster in question, however the temperature of the beans at the end of this step should be around 160°C. There’s a very delicate balance here as it can’t be heated too quickly or too much as you risk burning the beans. It’s also during this stage that energy from the bean is collected as the third stage of the process is what they call exothermic (heat producing).
coffee roasting process drying stage

2. The browning stage

From here the coffee beans will begin to smell a bit like hay or toast, losing their original grassy aroma – this is a sign that the aroma precursors are changing to aroma compounds. It’s during the browning stage that an exciting process known as ‘the Maillard reaction’ happens. This is where the beans have absorbed enough heat which causes the amino acids and sugars to react with one another as the beans turn darker in colour, creating the unique and distinctive aroma profile for each bean.

If a more balanced flavour and aroma is appealing to you, try our NESCAFÉ® GOLD BLEND. It's smooth, rich, yet well-rounded. Or, perhaps NESCAFÉ® AZERA Americano is for you, with its irresistible velvety crema.

coffee roasting process browning stage

At the end of the browning stage, you’ll encounter what’s known as ‘the first crack’, which is when coffee beans begin to approach edibility. It is when the coffee bean expands and the moisture begins to evaporate and as the moisture creates steam, it builds up pressure and causes the beans to crack open and this can be heard, a bit like when popcorn pops. Lighter roast coffees typically aren’t roasted beyond this point.
coffee beans first crack

3. The development stage

The development stage sees an exothermic reaction occur and the coffee starts to crack due to the collected energy from the drying process. This is where the aroma compounds are developed and the total time it takes depends on the desired flavour profile or roast. If a dark roast is wanted, a second crack may occur, but the roast should not go too far past the second crack as the coffee beans start to bake and the result is a doughy tasting coffee.
coffee roasting process development stage

4. Cooling

Once the desired roast has been achieved, the coffee beans need to be transferred to a cooler tray so they can be cooled quickly. If they are not cooled quickly, the heat given off by the beans can cause them to continue to cook even after they’ve finished roasting, resulting in burnt and charred beans.
coffee roasting process cooling

What is split roasted coffee?

Some of our instant coffees are made of two unique batches of specially roasted coffees. Each batch is individually roasted at a different temperature to bring out the very best flavours of both beans, and only then are they blended together to create one unique instant coffee. Our master roasters call this ‘split roasting’ and have a patent to protect NESCAFÉ expertise in this coffee roasting process.
split roasted coffee

Today’s community favourites

Discover some of the most enjoyed articles from across the site

 Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

What is a cappuccino?

What is

What is a cappuccino?

Known as one of the more popular drinks in any coffee shop, the cappuccino is a balanced coffee that’s a true test of any barista’s skills. Known for the its distribution of coffee and milk and served in a large cup with a dusting of chocolate on top. Keep reading if you’re a true frothy coffee lover to learn more about what a cappuccino is and where it comes from.

cappuccino

A frothy treat

A cappuccino is the perfect balance of espresso, steamed milk and foam. This coffee is all about the structure and the even splitting of elements into equal thirds. An expertly made cappuccino should be rich, but not acidic and have a mildly sweet flavouring from the milk. And, because the milk is not actually mixed in it gives the espresso a stronger flavour.

cappuccino coffee

Cappuccino origins

The cappuccino first came to Europe and America from Italy in 1980, at a similar time as the latte. Many coffees that originate in Italy have straightforward, descriptive names depending on ingredients or how it’s made, but the cappuccino is a little different. Apparently, the colouring of the espresso and frothed milk is similar to the hue of the Capuchin friar robes, and so, the wonderful beverage was dubbed the ‘cappuccino’.

cappuccino coffee

Known as one of the more popular drinks in any coffee shop, the cappuccino is a balanced coffee that’s a true test of any barista’s skills.


Coffee fact quote

Macchiato vs. cappuccino – what’s the difference?

If you’re ordering in a coffee shop, you might be wondering what the difference is between the two. The macchiato begins with a base of steamed milk, two shots of espresso and then a thin layer of milk foam on top for a much higher ratio of coffee to milk. A cappuccino on the other hand starts with a shot of espresso, followed by steamed milk and finally milk foam on top, all in a perfectly balanced ratio. You should now have all the information you need for your next order!

cappuccino coffee
Explore Coffee Culture

Explore more articles on …

Subscribe to